Learning About TENS During Labor

TENS stands for transcutaneous (say "trans-kyoo-TAY-nee-us") electrical nerve stimulation. Transcutaneous means "through the skin." TENS uses gentle electrical pulses that pass through the skin. These pulses may help change the way your body feels pain.

The pulses travel through sticky pads called electrodes that are placed on your skin. A small handheld device controls the pulses, and you can adjust the intensity as needed.

Labor can be painful, and there are different ways to manage labor pain. TENS is a drug-free option that you may choose, especially in the early stages of labor. It can be used on its own or along with other types of pain relief. If you prefer to avoid medicine during labor, TENS is an option to consider.

If you are thinking about using TENS, ask your doctor or midwife about it before your due date. Some hospitals and birthing centers have TENS units on hand. You can also rent or buy a unit to bring with you.

A member of your care team, such as a midwife, helps set up the device. The pads that are placed on your lower back send small electrical pulses through your skin.

You hold the device and control how strong the pulses feel. During a contraction, you can turn up the intensity. Between contractions, you can turn it back down.

You may feel a tingling or buzzing sensation where the pads are placed. This should not be painful. Because you hold the control device, you can adjust the intensity at any time. You may find the buzzing sensation helpful as something to focus on during contractions.

Research on TENS for labor pain has shown mixed results. Some studies found it may help reduce pain, especially in the early part of labor and for back pain during labor. You might feel more in control of pain when using TENS. It may not take the pain away completely, but it may help make the pain less intense.

TENS is generally considered safe during labor when used as directed. There are some important things to keep in mind:

• Do not use TENS in water, including tubs, birthing pools, or showers.
• Do not place the pads on your belly during pregnancy.
• Do not use TENS before 37 weeks of pregnancy without first talking to your doctor or midwife.
• Tell your doctor or midwife if you have a pacemaker or any other implanted device in your body.
• Do not use TENS near your chest or on skin that is broken or irritated.

Talk to your doctor or midwife ahead of time if you are interested in using TENS during labor. They can help you find out if it is right for you and what will be available where you plan to give birth.